The following is a list of items and equipment in The Legend of Zelda: The Minish Cap, with instructions on where to find each one, and information about how to use each one.
Weapons
Smith's Sword
At almost the very beginning of the game, Smith gives you Smith's Sword, but you can't use it until after you go to the castle and watch the tournament awards ceremony.
Broken Picori Blade
The King gives you the Broken Picori Blade after the tournament awards ceremony.
White Sword
Melari on Mt. Crenel repairs the Broken Picori Blade, turning it into the White Sword. When you obtain new Elements, you can take them to the Elemental Sanctuary in Hyrule Castle to upgrade the sword.
Four Sword
With all of the elements, the White Sword becomes the Four Sword.
Equipment
Small Shield
When you take Zelda to the Picori Festival, she wins a Small Shield, which she gives to you. You can use the shield by pressing the button that the shield is equipped to. When you use it, it protects you from damage from the front, and you walk more slowly, facing the same direction, while you hold up the shield.
Gust Jar
You can find the Gust Jar in the Deepwood Shrine after you defeat Madderpillar. You can use it as a vacuum to get rid of sand and dust, and it affects some types of enemies. When you stop pulling in air with the Gust Jar, it will blow out a small puff of air, which can be useful if you need to use wind to propel yourself.
Bomb Bag
After you complete the Deepwood Shrine dungeon, a Picori in a house nearby will give you the Bomb Bag. This will let you carry and use bombs. Once you get it, you can find bombs when you cut grass, smash pots, and so on.
Boomerang
Spend 300 rupees in Stockwell's shop in Hyrule Town to buy a Boomerang. You can throw the boomerang at enemies to stun them, and you can throw it at rupees and items to bring them to you.
Cane of Pacci
Found in the Cave of Flames, the Cane of Pacci can flip some items upside-down. This can be used to reveal shrinking portals, to turn holes into launchers, and to defeat certain enemies.
Pegasus Boots
After you try to cross Castor Wilds, you can talk to the Minish on the desk of Rem the shoemaker. They tell you to visit Syrup the witch, who gives you a Wake-Up Mushroom that you can use to wake Rem up. He gives you the Pegasus Boots. They allow you to dash at high speed. This will let you run over swamps without sinking, and you can dash into walls to knock things down.
Bow and Arrow
The Bow and Arrow is found in Castor Wilds. It is used to shoot arrows, which allow you to hit enemies and activate switches from a distance.
Mole Mitts
You find the Mole Mitts in the Fortress of Winds. The Mole Mitts let you dig through soft walls. This can open up areas that were previously inaccessible. You can also dig holes in the ground for a chance to find items.
Ocarina of Wind
When you finish the Fortress of Winds, you receive the Ocarina of Wind. You can use this if you have checked on any of the things that look like gravestones scattered around Hyrule, which explode after you read them, revealing Wind Crests. The Ocarina will call Zeffa the bird, who can take you to any of those crests.
Flame Lantern
In the Temple of Droplets, you will find the Flame Lantern. It lights up dark places, burns dry things, and melts ice.
Roc's Cape
In the Palace of Winds, you will find the Roc's Cape. This item will let you jump and temporarily hover. You can jump in a windy place to be propelled by the wind.
Empty Bottle
You can find four Empty Bottles in the game. You can use an empty bottle to catch fairies or store water or other things.
Mirror Shield
You must fuse Kinstones with all of the Gorons in the Goron Cave to make Biggoron wake up at the top of Veil Falls. Equip your shield and talk to Biggoron, and he'll ask you for your shield. Give it to him and he'll chew on it. Leave and come back a while later and he spits out your shield, which has transformed into the Mirror Shield.
Permanent Items
These items can't be used as equipment, but they are permanently equipped on you after you find them.
Jabber Nut
The Jabber Nut can be found in the barrel-shaped house in the Minish Village. It allows you to understand the Picori Language.
Grip Ring
You can purchase the Grip Ring from a Business Scrub in Mt. Crenel. It allows you to climb rocky walls.
Power Bracelets
If you talk to the Librarian at the Hyrule Town Library, she will tell you about some missing books. After you return the books, you can get the Power Bracelets during that side quest.
Flippers
You can get the Flippers after you return all of the missing library books to the Hyrule Town Library. Ask the Librarian for details!
Remote Bombs
After you complete the Temple of Droplets, fuse Kinstones with the Minish Elder (in the Minish Village), then you will be able to get Remote Bombs from the Minish west of Minish Village, who gave you the Bomb Bag. You can't use both remote bombs and regular bombs at the same time; instead, you have to go back to that Minish to switch the type of bomb that you use.
Light Arrows
Fuse Kinstones with the Stranger who lives in the house south of the post office in Hyrule Town, then step on the warp tile that appeared next to Link's house. Go upstairs, then go north to the room on this level to find a ghost hovering around an old man in a bed. Use the Gust Jar to get rid of the ghost. Eventually, when you visit the old man again, he will be out of bed. Talk to him at this time to get the Light Arrows. Note that if you don't get rid of the ghost, Gregal will pass away and you won't be able to get the Light Arrows.
Lon Lon Ranch Key
After you talk to the Minish on Rem the shoemaker's desk, the Lon Lon Ranch Key can be found after you shrink and enter the Lon Lon Ranch farm house. Once you grow to normal size inside, you can smash the pots in the corner to find the key. This will let you open the door after Talon locks himself out.
Wake-Up Mushroom
In the northeast corner of the Minish Woods, a witch named Syrup has a hut. You can get the Wake-Up Mushroom from Syrup for 60 rupees. It is required in order to get the Pegasus Boots.
Graveyard Key
On the way to the Royal Crypt, Dampé will give you the Graveyard Key. A crow will steal it from you, so you have to dash into the tree that the crow flew into to get it back. You can take the key to Dampé, who will open the gate to the graveyard with it.
Tiger Scroll
There are eight Tiger Scrolls available in the game. You can get them by finding and training at the various dojos around Hyrule, all owned by Swiftblade and his relatives. Each Tiger Scroll is granted after you learn a special sword technique from the Blade Brother at each dojo.
Joy Butterfly
After you fuse Kinstones a couple of times with Din, Nayru, and Farore, there will be a few Joy Butterflies in certain parts of Hyrule. These butterflies will permanently improve one of your skills when found.
Mysterious Shells
You can find Mysterious Shells by cutting grass, defeating monsters, opening certain chests, or even just by buying them in bulk from the shop. Mysterious Shells are required in order to get figurines from Carlov. You can give Carlov a number of Mysterious Shells to get a chance to win a figurine. The more shells you give him, the better your chance of getting a new figurine that you don't already have in your collection.