The backstory of EvE Online begins thousands of years before the current time in the game. Thousands of years ago, humans from Earth discovered a natural wormhole, which they referred to as the EVE gate, that led them to a solar system that they dubbed New Eden. They could not tell how far away from Earth, or where in the Universe this solar system was.
These explorers colonized the New Eden solar system very quickly, using their wormhole connection to Earth to access the planet's resources.
Then, one fateful day, the EVE gate collapsed unexpectedly, for no discernable reason. The collapse was devastating to the New Eden solar system, destroying most of the human colonies. Only a few were left, and without their link to Earth, not even knowing if their home planet still existed, they struggled to survive.
For thousands of years, the survivors and their descendants endured, gradually growing in number. They eventually split apart into different factions, including the Ammar Empire, Gallente Federation, Jovian Empire, Minmatar Republic, and Caldari State.